General Training Reading Longer texts13 questionsSuggested: 13 minutes

Longer texts: the repair café revival

Section 3, paper two: a seven-paragraph general-interest text with the question type this track was missing, matching headings, plus multiple choice and completion.

How to use this. Read the whole text once, then answer the thirteen questions. When you're done, press Check answers for your score, an approximate band, and an explanation of every answer. With matching headings, ask what each paragraph is for, not what it mentions: a paragraph can mention costs without being about them. For the first Section 3 paper, see the general-interest feature.

·Reading text

The quiet revival of the repair café

A

On the last Saturday of the month, a church hall on the edge of town fills with the walking wounded of domestic life: a toaster that no longer pops, a lamp with a suspicious flicker, a pair of trousers defeated at the knee. At folding tables sit volunteers with soldering irons, sewing machines and screwdrivers, and for three hours the broken things of the neighbourhood are opened, examined and, more often than not, brought back to life. This is a repair café, and there are now thousands like it around the world.

B

The first repair café opened in Amsterdam in 2009, the idea of a journalist who had grown weary of watching perfectly fixable objects disappear into landfill. The concept was deliberately simple: a free community event where people mend things together rather than a shop where repairs are done for you. It travelled quickly. A foundation now publishes a starter kit for anyone wanting to open one, and new cafés appear every month, from Lisbon to Melbourne.

C

That such a movement was needed at all says something about how repair fell out of everyday life. For most of the twentieth century, mending was ordinary; what changed was economics. Manufacturing became so cheap that replacement undercut the cost of an hour of skilled labour, and products followed the money: casings were glued rather than screwed, batteries were sealed inside, and unusual fastenings quietly discouraged curious owners. The skills went the same way as the spare parts, which is to say, out of circulation.

D

The volunteers keep records, and the records are revealing. Most faults, it turns out, are humble: a frayed cable, a blown fuse, a filter blocked with dust. Mechanical items and textiles are fixed at impressively high rates. The stubborn category is modern electronics, where a fault buried in a sealed board can defeat even an experienced fixer, not because the problem is complicated but because the design refuses to let anyone reach it.

E

Ask the regulars, though, and the objects are only half the story. Repair cafés trade in company as much as competence. Retired engineers and lifelong menders find their skills suddenly in demand; visitors are encouraged to sit down and learn rather than simply drop things off; and for many who come, the coffee is as much the point as the fixing. One organiser describes the afternoons as a skills exchange disguised as a repair service.

F

The movement has also begun to echo in law. Right-to-repair rules in several countries now require manufacturers to make spare parts available for years after a product is sold, and in France goods must display a repairability score at the point of sale, so shoppers can see before buying how fixable a product will be. Manufacturers, sensing the change in mood, have started to advertise repairability where once they advertised only newness.

G

None of this means a church hall of volunteers can mend the modern economy. The cafés cannot fix everything that arrives, and their organisers are the first to say that goodwill on a Saturday is no substitute for products designed to be opened. What they change most reliably is expectation. People who have watched their toaster come back to life stop assuming that broken means finished, and that shift, the organisers argue, is the real repair: not of an object, but of a habit of mind.

·Questions 1–13

Answer the questions.

The Section 3 question types this paper drills: matching headings, multiple choice and sentence completion. Nothing is sent anywhere, your answers stay in your browser and are marked on this page.

Questions 1–6

Matching headings

The text has seven paragraphs, A–G. Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B–G from the list below. There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.

  • i  How the movement began
  • ii  Why repairing fell out of fashion
  • iii  The patterns in what people bring
  • iv  Benefits beyond the objects themselves
  • v  Lawmakers take an interest
  • vi  What volunteers alone cannot change
  • vii  The rising cost of raw materials
  • viii  Training a new generation of professionals
  • ix  A world without waste
  • 1Paragraph B

  • 2Paragraph C

  • 3Paragraph D

  • 4Paragraph E

  • 5Paragraph F

  • 6Paragraph G

Questions 7–10

Multiple choice

Choose the correct answer, A–D.

  • 7The first repair café was started by

  • 8According to the writer, many modern products are difficult to repair because

  • 9The volunteers’ records show that most faults are

  • 10In France, manufacturers are now required to

Questions 11–13

Sentence completion

Complete each sentence using no more than two words from the text.

  • 11The hardest faults to reach are those buried in sealed .

  • 12For many visitors, the matters as much as the repairs.

  • 13The organisers see the real repair as a change in a of mind.

13 questions · not yet marked
·Scoring

Approximate band equivalence

This is a thirteen-question section, so the band shown is an approximation. General Training Reading needs a higher raw score than Academic for the same band, and a full paper has forty questions across three sections, so your band on the day depends on the whole test.

Score (/13)13121110987≤6
Band8.5+8.07.56.56.05.55.0<5.0
Reading, under timed conditions

Marks lost on Reading are usually technique, not vocabulary.

Knowing the answer and scanning a busy notice to find it fast are different skills.

True/False/Not Given, matching, and the traps built into the distractors catch out strong readers who've never been shown the method. In a lesson we work through where your marks are actually going, and how to read for the answer rather than reading the whole passage twice. Lessons are £20 for fifty minutes, one to one, in proper British English; the first step is a discounted trial lesson.